Phunziro la Federal Liwulula Chemistry Yadothi Imakhudza Kwambiri Ma Compounds Bioactive mu Cannabis
Kafukufuku watsopano wothandizidwa ndi boma akuwonetsa kuti ma bioactive muzomera za cannabis amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka dothi komwe amakulira.
Ofufuzawo adanena m'nkhani yaposachedwa yomwe idasindikizidwa m'magazini yasayansi yowunikiridwa ndi anzawo *Journal of Medicinally Active Plants*: "Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimapatsa alimi akunja chidziwitso cha momwe thanzi la dothi limakhudzira cannabinoid ndi terpene zomwe zili mu cannabis. Dothi losauka bwino likuwoneka kuti limapangitsa kuti THC ikhale yochulukira, pomwe dothi lapamwamba lingapangitse kuchuluka kwa kalambulabwalo wa CBG cannabinoid."
Kupeza uku kukuwonetsa kuti alimi atha kuwongolera bwino cannabinoids osati kudzera mu majini komanso momwe nthaka imayendera.
Kafukufukuyu adatsogozedwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi ku US (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture ndipo adathandizidwa ndi Penn State College of Medicine ndi kampani yovomerezeka ndi boma ya cannabis PA Options for Wellness.
Ofufuzawa adafuna kufananiza mitundu iwiri ya cannabis, 'Tangerine' ndi 'CBD Stem Cell', yomwe imabzalidwa m'minda yolima (CC) ndi minda yanthawi zonse (CF) motsatana. Olemba kafukufukuyu adalemba kuti: "Kafukufukuyu adayang'ana kwambiri mbali yolima nthaka, kuyesa kufananiza mitundu iwiri ya mindayi. Mitundu iwiri ya chambayi idabzalidwa m'minda iwiri yoyandikana: m'munda wanthawi zonse wokhala ndi dothi lolimidwa, ndipo winanso wopanda kulima."
"Poyerekeza zotsalira za mitundu iwiri ya cannabis yomwe imabzalidwa mu dothi la CC ndi CF, kafukufukuyu adapeza kusiyana kwakukulu pakukhazikika kwa cannabinoids ndi terpenes."
Cannabidiol (CBD) zomwe zili mumlimi wa 'Tangerine' zomwe zimabzalidwa m'nthaka wamba zinali zokwera kuwirikiza ka 1.5 kuposa za 'CBD Stem Cell' zomwe zimabzalidwa m'nthaka; komabe, zosiyana zinali zowona pa cultivar ya 'CBD Stem Cell' - zomwe zili mu CBD zidachuluka kawiri m'munda wa mbewu zovundikira. Kuphatikiza apo, m'munda wa mbewu zovundikira, zoyambira za cannabinoid CBG zinali kuwirikiza nthawi 3.7, pomwe gawo loyambirira la psychoactive mu chamba, THC, linali lokwera ka 6 m'munda wolimidwa.
M'malo mwake, thanzi la dothi liyenera kuyang'ana osati pa zinthu zomwe zili m'nthaka komanso zachilengedwe komanso momwe zimakhalira ndi zomera.
Asayansiwo adamaliza kuti: "Kusiyana kwakukulu pazakudya za cannabinoid kudawonedwa pakati pa mitundu yamunda ndi cultivars, makamaka mu cannabidiol (CBD)."
Olembawo adazindikira kuti milingo ya cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) inali yopitilira kasanu ndi kamodzi mu cannabis yomwe imakula pogwiritsa ntchito njira wamba. Pepalalo linanena kuti: "Mu CC ya cultivar ya 'Tangerine', zomwe zili mu CBD zinali zochulukirapo kuwirikiza 2.2 kuposa zomwe zimatengedwa mumtundu wa 'CBD Stem Cell'; mu gawo la CC la 'CBD Stem Cell' cultivar, cannabigerol (CBG) zinali zokwera nthawi 3.7; Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) zokhutira zinali 6 nthawi zambiri.
Thanzi la nthaka kwenikweni limatanthawuza chilengedwe cha zomera. Zamoyo zomwe zili m'nthaka zimatha kukhudza mwachindunji kupanga cannabinoids ndi terpenes zomwe zomera zimagwiritsa ntchito kuteteza, kulankhulana, ndi mpikisano.
Dothi palokha ndi chilengedwe chopangidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, bowa, mchere, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, zomwe zimapereka chakudya ndikulumikizana ndi mizu ya zomera. Machitidwe monga kulima mbewu zokulirapo komanso kulima kosalima ndi zodziwika bwino kuti zimathandizira kuti pakhale mgwirizano wachilengedwe komanso kusungitsa mpweya wabwino komanso kuyendetsa njinga zamagetsi. Kafukufuku watsopanoyu akuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a chomeracho pamndandanda wazinthu zomwe zingakhudzidwe ndi dothi.
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale pali kusiyana kwachibadwa pakati pa mbewu za cannabis, minda yobzala mbewu imatha kuthandiza kuchepetsa kusiyanasiyana kwazinthu za terpene. Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsanso mgwirizano wofunikira pakati pa chibadwa cha mbewu za cannabis ndi mphamvu yake pakudya kwa michere ya dothi…
Nthawi yomweyo, olembawo adachenjeza kuti kafukufuku wochulukirapo akufunika kuti adziwe "milingo ya ma enzyme omwe amasintha CBG kukhala CBD, THC, ndi CBC," zomwe zitha kupereka chidziwitso chifukwa chake milingo ya CBG ndi yayikulu m'minda yolima mbewu.
Olembawo adati: "Pokambilana za biosynthesis yazinthuzi, kafukufukuyu amafotokoza zoyambira zomwe zimagawidwa pakati pa cannabinoids ndi terpenoids, komanso umboni wakusintha kwa majini mu ma enzyme synthases a cannabinoids ndi terpenoids."
Pepalalo linanena kuti: "Uwu ndi kafukufuku woyamba wokhudza kusiyana kwa zinthu zakunja za cannabis zomwe zimabzalidwa pansi pa dothi losiyanasiyana."
Izi zimabwera pomwe chidwi chimayang'ana kwambiri njira zabwino zolima cannabis. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, wolima wa hemp wa mafakitale adanenanso kuti kukulitsa njira zoperekera hemp ku South Dakota kungakope mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono okonza ndi kupanga ku boma ndipo kungathe kuchotseratu mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide m'mlengalenga.
Pakadali pano, asayansi akufufuza zambiri kuti afufuze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala a cannabis. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza, kwa nthawi yoyamba, adafufuza mozama motsogozedwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kununkhira m'maluwa owuma a cannabis, adapeza mankhwala ambiri omwe kale anali osadziwika omwe amapanga fungo lapadera la chomeracho. Zotsatira zatsopanozi zimakulitsa kumvetsetsa kwasayansi kwa chomera cha cannabis kupitilira chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha terpenes, CBD, ndi THC.
Malinga ndi mapepala awiri oyera omwe adasindikizidwa posachedwa, kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti momwe cannabis imagwiritsidwira ntchito pambuyo pokolola - makamaka momwe imawumidwira musanapake - imakhudza kwambiri khalidwe lazogulitsa, kuphatikizapo kusungidwa kwa terpenes ndi trichomes.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-10-2025