THC, CBD, cannabinoids, psychoactive zotsatira - mwina mudamvapo mawu angapo ngati mukuyesera kumvetsetsa THC, CBD, ndi kusiyana pakati pawo. Mwinanso mudakumanapo ndi endocannabinoid system, cannabinoid receptors, komanso terpenes. Koma kodi zonsezi ndi za chiyani kwenikweni?
Ngati mukuyang'ana njira yomvetsetsa chifukwa chake zinthu za THC zimakupangitsani kukhala apamwamba ndipo zinthu za CBD sizimatero komanso zomwe zikuyenera kuchita ndi endocannabinoids, mwalandiridwa, muli pamalo oyenera.
Cannabinoids ndi udindo wa ECS
Kuti mumvetse THC vs CBD ndi momwe zimatikhudzira, choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa dongosolo la endocannabinoid (ECS), lomwe limathandiza kuti thupi likhalebe logwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo zake zazikulu zitatu: mamolekyu a "mthenga", kapena endocannabinoids, omwe matupi athu amapanga; zolandilira mamolekyuwa amamanga kwa; ndi ma enzymes omwe amawaphwanya.
Ululu, kupsinjika maganizo, chilakolako cha chakudya, kagayidwe ka mphamvu, ntchito ya mtima, mphotho ndi chilimbikitso, kubereka, ndi kugona ndi zina mwazochita za thupi zomwe cannabinoids zimakhudza pochita pa ECS. Ubwino womwe ungakhalepo paumoyo wa cannabinoids ndi wochulukirapo ndipo umaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kutupa komanso kuwongolera nseru.
Zomwe THC imachita
Cannabinoid yochuluka komanso yodziwika bwino yomwe imapezeka mu chomera cha cannabis ndi tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Imayambitsa cholandilira cha CB1, gawo la ECS muubongo lomwe limayang'anira kuledzera. Kuledzera kwa THC kwawonetsedwa kuti kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi kupita ku prefrontal cortex, dera laubongo lomwe limayang'anira kupanga zisankho, chidwi, luso lamagalimoto, ndi ntchito zina zazikulu. Mkhalidwe weniweni wa zotsatira za THC pazigawozi zimasiyana pakati pa munthu ndi munthu.
THC ikamangiriza ku ma CB1 zolandilira, imayambitsanso kusangalala kuchokera ku dongosolo la mphotho la ubongo. Cannabis imayendetsa njira ya mphotho yaubongo, zomwe zimatipangitsa kumva bwino, ndikuwonjezera mwayi wathu wotenga nawo gawo mtsogolomo. Zotsatira za THC pamalipiro a ubongo ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti cannabis athe kutulutsa kuledzera komanso chisangalalo.
Zomwe CBD imachita
THC ili kutali ndi chinthu chokhacho cha cannabis chomwe chimakhudza mwachindunji ntchito yaubongo. Kuyerekeza kodziwika bwino ndi cannabidiol (CBD), yomwe ndi yachiwiri kwambiri yomwe imapezeka mu chomera cha cannabis. CBD nthawi zambiri imatchedwa kuti si psychoactive koma izi ndizosocheretsa chifukwa chilichonse chomwe chimakhudza mwachindunji ntchito yaubongo ndi psychoactive. CBD imapangitsa kuti pakhale psychoactive ikamalumikizana ndi ubongo komanso dongosolo lapakati lamanjenje, chifukwa imakhala ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi khunyu komanso zotsutsana ndi nkhawa.
Chifukwa chake ngakhale CBD ilidi ya psychoactive, sizoledzeretsa. Ndiko kuti, sizimakukwezani. Izi ndichifukwa choti CBD ndiyoyipa kwambiri pakuyambitsa cholandilira cha CB1. M'malo mwake, umboni ukuwonetsa kuti zimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a CB1 receptor, makamaka pamaso pa THC. Pamene THC ndi CBD zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zikhudze zochitika za CB1 zolandilira, ogwiritsa ntchito amakonda kumva kukhala odekha, osasunthika komanso amakhala ndi mwayi wochepa wokumana ndi vuto la paranoia poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimamveka ngati CBD palibe. Ndi chifukwa THC imayendetsa cholandilira cha CB1, pomwe CBD imaletsa.
Momwe CBD ndi THC zimalumikizirana wina ndi mnzake
Mwachidule, CBD ikhoza kuteteza ku kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso komwe kumakhudzana ndi kukhudzana kwambiri ndi THC. Kafukufuku wa 2013 wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Psychopharmacology adapereka THC kwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo ndipo adapeza kuti omwe adapatsidwa CBD isanachitike utsogoleri wa THC adawonetsa kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira pang'ono kuposa odwala omwe adapatsidwa placebo - kuwonetsanso kuti CBD ikhoza kuletsa kuzindikira kwa THC. zoperewera.
M'malo mwake, kuwunika kwa 2013 pafupifupi kafukufuku 1,300 wofalitsidwa m'magazini asayansi adapeza kuti "CBD imatha kuthana ndi zotsatira zoyipa za THC." Ndemangayi ikuwonetsanso kufunikira kwa kafukufuku wambiri ndikuwona zotsatira za CBD pakugwiritsa ntchito THC pazochitika zenizeni. Koma zomwe zilipo ndizodziwikiratu kuti CBD nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsidwa ngati mankhwala kwa iwo omwe mwachisawawa adadya kwambiri THC ndikudzipeza kuti akulemetsedwa.
Cannabinoids imalumikizana ndi machitidwe ambiri m'thupi
THC ndi CBD zimalumikizana ndi zolinga zina zingapo mthupi. CBD, mwachitsanzo, ili ndi malo osachepera 12 muubongo. Ndipo komwe CBD imatha kulinganiza zotsatira za THC kudzera kuletsa ma CB1 zolandilira, zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zina pa kagayidwe ka THC pamasamba osiyanasiyana.
Zotsatira zake, CBD nthawi zonse imatha kuletsa kapena kulinganiza zotsatira za THC. Itha kuwonjezeranso mwachindunji zabwino zachipatala za THC. CBD ikhoza, mwachitsanzo, kupititsa patsogolo ululu wopangidwa ndi THC. THC imatha kukhala anti-yotupa komanso neuroprotective antioxidant, makamaka chifukwa cha kuyambitsa kwa ma CB1 receptors mudera loletsa ululu muubongo.
Kafukufuku wochokera ku 2012 adawonetsa kuti CBD imalumikizana ndi alpha-3 (α3) glycine receptors, chandamale chofunikira kwambiri pakukonza kupweteka kwa msana, kupondereza kupweteka kosalekeza ndi kutupa. Ndi chitsanzo cha zomwe zimatchedwa entourage effect, momwe mankhwala osiyanasiyana a cannabis amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti apange zotsatira zazikulu kuposa zomwe zimadyedwa padera.
Koma ngakhale kuyanjana kumeneku sikumveka bwino. Mu kafukufuku wa February 2019, ofufuza adapeza kuti Mlingo wochepa wa CBD umathandizira kuledzera kwa THC, pomwe Mlingo waukulu wa CBD umachepetsa kuledzera kwa THC.
Terpenes ndi zotsatira zake
Ndizotheka kwathunthu kuti zina mwazodziwika bwino za cannabis (monga kama-lock-lock) zitha kukhala zochepa kwambiri ndi THC yokha, koma m'malo mwake, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mamolekyu osadziwika bwino. Mankhwala otchedwa terpenes amapatsa mbewu za cannabis zokonda komanso fungo lawo lapadera. Amapezeka m'zomera zambiri - monga lavender, khungwa lamitengo, ndi hops - ndipo amapereka fungo la mafuta ofunikira. Terpenes, omwe ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri lamankhwala odziwika bwino a phytochemicals mu cannabis, atsimikiziranso kuti ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazotsatira zamagulu. Sikuti ma terpenes amangopatsa chamba kununkhira komanso kununkhira kosiyana, komanso amawoneka kuti amathandizira mamolekyu ena a cannabis pakupanga thupi komanso ubongo.
Mzere wapansi
Chamba ndi chomera chovuta chomwe chili ndi kafukufuku wochepa wopezeka pazokhudza zomwe zimachitika komanso momwe zimakhalira ndi thupi la munthu - ndipo tangoyamba kumene kuphunzira njira zambiri za THC, CBD, ndi mankhwala ena a chamba amagwirira ntchito limodzi ndikulumikizana ndi ECS yathu kuti tisinthe. momwe timamvera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-19-2021